How Innovation Ecosystems Foster Citizen Participation Using Emerging Technologies in Portugal, Spain and the NetherlandsToolkit for the OECD Recommendation on Public Policy Evaluation
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Type of work: Report
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evaluationAbstract:
This report examines how actors in Portugal, Spain and the Netherlands interact and work together to contribute to the development of emerging technologies for citizen participation. Through in-depth research and analysis of actors’ motivations, experiences, challenges, and enablers in this nascent but promising field, this paper presents a unique cross-national perspective on innovation ecosystems for citizen participation using emerging technology. It includes lessons and concrete proposals for policymakers, innovators, and researchers seeking to develop technology-based citizen participation initiatives.
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OECD (2025). How Innovation Ecosystems Foster Citizen Participation Using Emerging Technologies in Portugal, Spain and the NetherlandsToolkit for the OECD Recommendation on Public Policy Evaluation. OECD Public Governance Reviews. Paris: OECD Publishing.