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ICTlogy » ICT4D Bibliography » Type of Work » Articles (academic)
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Articles (academic)

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McBride, K., Aavik, G., Toots, M., Kalvet, T. & Krimmer, R. (2018). “How does open government data driven co-creation occur? Six factors and a ‘perfect storm’; insights from Chicago's food inspection forecasting model”. In Government Information Quarterly, 36 (1), 88-97. London: Elsevier. [e]
Abad Esteve, F. & Àlvarez Ramos, C. (2019). “Abandono universitario: revisión del tipo, del cálculo y de su alcance”. In Revista Índice, (73), 32-35. Madrid: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Retrieved March 13, 2021 from http://www.revistaindice.com/numero73/p32.pdf [e]
Abraira, C.F. & Santamaría, F. (2007). “Creación de comunidades de aprendizaje en entornos de e-learning 2.0: Una experiencia en formación didáctico/matemática de maestros”. In Comunicación y Pedagogía, (223), 9-16. Barcelona: Centro de Comunicación y Pedagogía. [27] [48] [54] [63] [70] [72] [75] [e]
Acevedo, M. (2004). “Las TIC en las políticas de cooperación al desarrollo: hacia una nueva concepción en la Sociedad Red”. In Ingeniería Sin Fronteras (Ed.), Cuadernos Internacionales de Tecnología para el Desarrollo Humano, noviembre 2004, 43-54, (2). Retrieved December 10, 2004 from http://www.cuadernos.tpdh.org/file_upload/02_Manuel_Aceved.pdf [1] [e]
Acevedo, M. (2007). “Network Capital: an Expression of Social Capital in the Network Society”. In The Journal of Community Informatics, 2 (3). Vancouver: Journal of Community Informatics. Retrieved February 18, 2008 from http://www.ci-journal.net/index.php/ciej/article/viewArticle/267/317 [116] [e]
Acevedo, M. & Moreno Romero, A. (2009). “Inclusión digital e Inmigración: una vía de integración socio-laboral en España”. In icade, enero-abril 2009, 76, 255-298. Madrid: Universidad Pontificia Comillas. Retrieved April 26, 2011 from http://www.upcomillas.es/webcorporativo/Servicios/Revista%20ICADE/CargaFichero.asp?idDocument=DOC00000000000002993&Name=12.%20ACEVEDO.pdf [68] [e]
Adams, P. (2016). “Education policy: explaining, framing and forming”. In Journal of Education Policy, 31 (3), 290-307. Abingdon: Taylor & Francis. Retrieved January 12, 2017 from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680939.2015.1084387 [110] [e]
Addo, A. & Senyo, P. (2021). “Advancing E-governance for development: Digital identification and its link to socioeconomic inclusion”. In Government Information Quarterly, 38 (2). London: Elsevier. Retrieved March 31, 2021 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2021.101568 [e]
Agarwal, S.D., Barthel, M.L., Rost, C., Borning, A., Bennett, W.L. & Johnson, C.N. (2014). “Grassroots organizing in the digital age: considering values and technology in Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street”. In Information, Communication & Society. London: Routledge. [e]
Aguado-López, E., Rogel-Salazar, R., Becerril-García, A. & Baca-Zapata, G. (2009). “Presencia de universidades en la Red: la brecha digital entre Estados Unidos y el resto del mundo”. In Revista de Universidad y Sociedad del Conocimiento (RUSC), 6 (1). Barcelona: Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. Retrieved May 05, 2009 from http://rusc.uoc.edu/ojs/index.php/rusc/article/viewFile/18/72 [20] [e]
Aitamurto, T. & Landemore, H. (2016). “Crowdsourced Deliberation: The Case of the Law on Off-Road Traffic in Finland”. In Policy & Internet, 8 (2), 174-196. Berkeley: Berkeley Electronic Press. Retrieved April 12, 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1002/poi3.115 [e]
Albalate, D. & Bel, G. (2019). “Do government formation deadlocks really damage economic growth? Evidence from history's longest period of government formation impasse”. In Governance, 33 (1), 155-171. Oxford: Blackwell. Retrieved June 19, 2024 from https://doi.org/10.1111/gove.12410 [e]
Albery, B. (1995). “What level of dialtone penetration constitutes ’universal service’?”. In Telecommunications Policy, 19 (5), 365-380. London: Elsevier. [2] [25] [55] [e]
Alderete, A.M. (2006). “Fundamentos del Análisis de Regresión Logística en la Investigación Psicológica”. In Evaluar, 6, 52-67. Córdoba: Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Retrieved April 13, 2009 from http://www.revistaevaluar.com.ar/64.pdf [e]
Alexander, B. (2006). “Web 2.0: A New Wave of Innovation for Teaching and Learning?”. In Educause Review, March/April 2006, vol. 41 (2), 32–44. Boulder: Educause. Retrieved September 08, 2006 from http://www.educause.edu/apps/er/erm06/erm0621.asp [13] [23] [27] [30] [48] [e]
Ali, A.H. (2011). “The Power of Social Media in Developing Nations: New Tools for Closing the Global Digital Divide and Beyond”. In Harvard Human Rights Journal, 24 (1), 185-219. Cambrige: Harvard Law School. Retrieved December 12, 2011 from http://harvardhrj.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/185-220.pdf [e]
Allik, J. & Realo, A. (2004). “Individualism-Collectivism and Social Capital”. In Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35 (1), 29-49. London: SAGE Publications. [e]
Alorainy, W., Burnap, P., Han, L., Williams, M. & Giommoni, L. (2022). “Disrupting networks of hate: characterising hateful networks and removing critical nodes”. In Social Network Analysis and Mining, 12 (27). New York: Springer. Retrieved February 05, 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-021-00818-z [e]
Amar, A.R. (1984). “Choosing Representatives by Lottery Voting”. In The Yale Law Journal, 93 (7), 1283-1308. New Haven: The Yale Law Journal Company. [e]
Andersen, K.V. & Henriksen, H.Z. (2006). “E-government maturity models: Extension of the Layne and Lee model”. In Government Information Quarterly, 23 (2), 236–248. London: Elsevier. [e]
Anderson, B. (2005). “The value of mixed-method longitudinal panel studies in ict research. The value of mixed-method longitudinal panel studies in ict research Transitions in and out of ’ICT poverty’ as a case in point”. In Information, Communication & Society, 8 (3), 343–367. London: Routledge. [e]
Anderson, B. (2008). “The Social Impact Of Broadband Household Internet Access”. In Information, Communication & Society, 11 (1), 5-24. London: Routledge. [e]
Anderson, T. & Dron, J. (2011). “Three generations of distance education pedagogy”. In International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 12 (3). Edmonton: Athabasca University. Retrieved April 24, 2011 from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/890 [e]
Anduiza, E., Cristancho, C. & Cantijoch, M. (2012). “La exposición a información política a través de Internet”. In Arbor. Ciencia, Pensamiento y Cultura, 188 (756), 673-688. Berkeley: Berkeley Electronic Press. Retrieved February 14, 2013 from http://arbor.revistas.csic.es/index.php/arbor/article/viewFile/1493/1504 [86] [90] [e]
Anduiza, E., Cristancho, C. & Sabucedo, J.M. (2014). “Mobilization through Online Social Networks: the political protest of the indignados in Spain”. In Information, Communication & Society, 17 (6), 750–764. London: Routledge. [107] [e]
Anduiza, E. & Rico, G. (2022). “Sexism and the Far-Right Vote: The Individual Dynamics of Gender Backlash”. In American Journal of Political Science, First published online: 31 December 2022. Bloomington: Midwest Political Science Association. Retrieved January 04, 2023 from https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12759 [e]
Antón-Alonso, F. & Cruz-Gómez, I. (2022). “La vulnerabilidad urbana en la metrópoli de Barcelona. El rol de la densidad institucional en su persistencia”. In Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, (178), 3-22. Madrid: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. Retrieved March 16, 2022 from https://reis.cis.es/REIS/PDF/REIS_178_011647349838043.pdf [129] [e]
Anttiroiko, A. (2003). “Building strong e-democracy: the role of technology in developing democracy for the information age”. In Communications of the ACM, 46 (9), 121-128 . New York: Association for Computing Machinery. Retrieved April 05, 2015 from http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=903893.903926 [e]
Archibugi, D. & Coco, A. (2003). A New Indicator of Technological Capabilities for Developed and Developing Countries (ArCo). Research Paper Series, Vol. 15, No. 44 January 2004. Rome: CEIS Tor Vergata. [2] [25] [e]
Ardanaz, M., Otálvaro-Ramírez, S. & Scartascini, C. (2023). “Does information about citizen participation initiatives increase political trust?”. In World Development, 162 (106132). London: Elsevier. Retrieved February 15, 2024 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.106132 [e]
Area Moreira, M. & Adell, J. (2021). Tecnologías Digitales y Cambio Educativo. Una Aproximación Crítica. Madrid: UAM Ediciones. Retrieved October 11, 2021 from https://doi.org/10.15366/reice2021.19.4.005 [e]
Arendsen, R., Peters, O., ter Hedde, M. & van Dijk, J. (2013). “Does e-government reduce the administrative burden of businesses? An assessment of business-to-government systems usage in the Netherlands”. In Government Information Quarterly, In Press. London: Elsevier. [e]
Arnstein, S.R. (1969). “A Ladder of Citizen Participation”. In Journal of the American Institute of Planners, Vol. 35, No. 4, July 1969, pp. 216-224. Boston: American Institute of Planners. Retrieved February 17, 2006 from http://lithgow-schmidt.dk/sherry-arnstein/ladder-of-citizen-participation.pdf [3] [52] [57] [58] [67] [111] [115] [120] [121] [125] [129] [e]
Aronson, B. (2004). “Improving Online Access to Medical Information for Low-Income Countries”. In New England Journal of Medicine, 350 (10), 966-968. Waltham: Massachusetts Medical Society. Retrieved February 03, 2007 from http://content.nejm.org/cgi/reprint/350/10/966.pdf [20] [116] [e]
Arora, P. (2010). “Hope-in-the-Wall? A digital promise for free learning”. In British Journal of Educational Technology, May 2010. London: Wiley-Blackwell. [e]
Åström, J., Karlsson, M., Linde, J. & Pirannejad, A. (2012). “Understanding the rise of e-participation in non-democracies: Domestic and international factors”. In Government Information Quarterly, 29 (2), 142-150. London: Elsevier. [e]
Attard, J., Orlandi, F., Scerri, S. & Auer, S. (2015). “A systematic review of open government data initiatives”. In Government Information Quarterly, Article in press, 32 (4), 399–418. London: Elsevier. [105] [106] [116] [e]
Attewell, P. & Ahituv, N. (1999). “Home Computers and School Performance”. In The Information Society, 15 (1), 1-10. Abingdon: Taylor & Francis. [112] [e]
Attwell, G. (2007). “E-portfolio: the DNA of the Personal Learning Environment?”. In Journal of e-Learning and Knowledge Society, 3 (2). Rome: Società Italiana di e-Learning. Retrieved October 19, 2007 from http://je-lks.maieutiche.economia.unitn.it/index.php/Je-LKS_EN/article/view/248/230 [82] [83] [e]
Attwell, G. (2007). “Personal Learning Environments - the future of eLearning?”. In eLearning Papers, 2 (1). Barcelona: elearningeuropa.info. Retrieved February 06, 2007 from http://www.elearningeuropa.info/out/?doc_id=9758&rsr_id=11561 [23] [27] [e]
Augé, M. (2000). Sobremodernidad. Del mundo de hoy al mundo de mañana. [online]: Memoria. Retrieved December 31, 2007 from http://www.memoria.com.mx/129/auge.htm [e]
Aurigi, A. (2006). “New Technologies, Same Dilemmas: Policy and Design Issues for the Augmented City”. In Journal of Urban Technology, 13 (3), 5-28. London: Routledge. [24] [e]
Avgerou, C. (2008). Information Systems in Developing Countries: a Critical Research Review. Department of Management LSE, Working Paper Series #165. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved March 01, 2010 from http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jit/journal/v23/n3/pdf/2000136a.pdf [62] [e]
Avgerou, C. (2009). “Discourses on Innovation and Development in Information Systems in Developing Countries’ Research”. In Byrne, E., Nicholson, B. & Salem, F. (Eds.), Assessing the Contribution of ICT to Development Goals, 1-21. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries, Dubai, May 26th-28th, 2009. Dubai: Dubai School of Government. Retrieved March 01, 2010 from http://www.ifip.dsg.ae/Docs/FinalPDF/Full Papers/Avgerou_Discourses on Innovation and Development.pdf [62] [e]
Aymerich, M., Rodríguez-Jareño, M.C., Castells, X., Carrión, C., Zamora, A. & Capellà, D. (2014). “Translational Research: A Concept Emerged from Health Sciences and Exportable to Education Sciences”. In Annals of Translational Medicine & Epidemiology, 1 (1), 1-4. Jersey City: Austin Publishing Group. Retrieved September 01, 2016 from http://austinpublishinggroup.com/translational-medicine/fulltext/atme-v1-id1005.php [e]
Baartman, L.K., Bastiaens, T.J., Kirschner, P.A. & van der Vleuten, C.P. (2007). “Evaluating assessment quality in competence-based education: A qualitative comparison of two frameworks”. In Educational Research Review, 2 (2), 114–129. http://www.elsevier.com/locate/edurev. London: Elsevier. [e]
Bagg, S. (2022). “Sortition as Anti-Corruption: Popular Oversight against Elite Capture”. In American Journal of Political Science, First published online: 18 March 2022. Bloomington: Midwest Political Science Association. Retrieved March 24, 2022 from https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12704 [e]
Bailey, A. & Ngwenyama, O. (2013). Toward entrepreneurial behavior in underserved communities: An ethnographic decision tree model of telecenter usage. Indianapolis: Wiley Periodicals. [56] [89] [e]
Balagué Puxan, F. (2007). “El blog en el aula: Aplicación y evaluación”. In Comunicación y Pedagogía, (223), 57-61. Barcelona: Centro de Comunicación y Pedagogía. [27] [48] [54] [63] [69] [70] [e]
Balcells, J. & Padró-Solanet, A. (2019). “Crossing Lines in the Twitter Debate on Catalonia’s Independence”. In The International Journal of Press/Politics, First Published July 5, 2019. London: SAGE Publications. Retrieved August 19, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161219858687 [e]
Ball, S.J. (2016). “Following policy: networks, network ethnography and education policy mobilities”. In Journal of Education Policy, 31 (5), 549-566. Abingdon: Taylor & Francis. Retrieved July 25, 2016 from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680939.2015.1122232 [110] [e]
Bannister, F. & Connolly, R. (2013). “ICT, public values and transformative government: A framework and programme for research”. In Government Information Quarterly, In Press. London: Elsevier. [e]
Barberà, E. (2006). “Aportaciones de la tecnología a la e-Evaluación”. In RED. Revista de Educación a Distancia, Año V (Número monográfico VI). Murcia: Universidad de Murcia. Retrieved October 29, 2008 from http://www.um.es/ead/red/M6/barbera.pdf [e]
Barreda Díez, M. & Ruiz Rodríguez, L.M. (2013). “La cadena causal de la confianza en los organismos electorales de América Latina: sus determinantes y su impacto sobre la calidad de la democracia”. In Revista de Ciencia Política, 3 (33). Santiago de Chile: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. [e]
Barrett, H. & Carney, J. (2005). Conflicting Paradigms and Competing Purposes in Electronic Portfolio Development. Submitted to Educational Assessment, an LEA Journal, for an issue focusing on Assessing Technology Competencies, July 2005. [e]
Bartel, A., Ichniowski, C. & Shaw, K. (2007). “How Does Information Technology Affect Productivity? Plant-Level Comparisons of Product Innovation, Process Improvement, and Worker Skills”. In The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122 (4), 1721-1758. Cambridge: MIT Press. [2] [25] [32] [e]
Barzilai-Nahon, K. (2006). “Gaps And Bits: Conceptualizing Measurements For Digital Divide/s”. In The Information Society, 22 (5), 269-278. Retrieved October 16, 2006 from http://www.indiana.edu/~tisj/22/5/ab-barzilai-nahon.html [2] [25] [43] [46] [47] [50] [60] [74] [e]
Batchelor, S.J. (2012). “Changing the Financial Landscape of Africa: An Unusual Story of Evidence-informed Innovation, Intentional Policy Influence and Private Sector Engagement”. In IDS Bulletin, 43 (5), 84–90. Malden: Blackwell Publishing. [96] [e]
Baumol, W.J. & Bowen, W.G. (1965). “On the Performing Arts: The Anatomy of Their Economic Problems”. In American Economic Review, 55 (1/2), 495-502. Nashville: American Economic Association. Retrieved June 02, 2010 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1816292 [e]
Becker, J., Porter, E. & Centola, D. (2019). “The wisdom of partisan crowds”. In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116 (22), 10717-10722. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved July 24, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817195116 [e]
Beer, D. & Burrows, R. (2007). “Sociology and, of and in Web 2.0: Some Initial Considerations”. In Sociological Research Online, 12 (5). London: SAGE Publications. Retrieved January 04, 2007 from http://www.socresonline.org.uk/12/5/17.html [e]
Bel, G. & Sebő, M. (2021). “Does Inter-Municipal Cooperation Really Reduce Delivery Costs? An Empirical Evaluation of the Role of Scale Economies, Transaction Costs, and Governance Arrangements”. In Urban Affairs Review, 57 (1), 153– 188. London: SAGE. Retrieved March 29, 2023 from https://doi.org/10.1177/1078087419839492 [e]
Belcher, B.M., Davel, R. & Claus, R. (2020). “A refined method for theory-based evaluation of the societal impacts of research”. In MethodsX, 7. London: Elsevier. Retrieved June 06, 2023 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2020.100788 [e]
Benkler, Y. (2002). “Coase’s Penguin, or Linux and the Nature of the Firm”. In The Yale Law Journal, 112 (3), 369–446. New Haven: The Yale Law Journal Company. Retrieved June 12, 2007 from http://yalelawjournal.org/images/pdfs/354.pdf [27] [34] [58] [67] [77] [100] [116] [127] [e]
Benkler, Y. & Nissenbaum, H. (2006). “Commons-based Peer Production and Virtue”. In The Journal of Political Philosophy, 14 (4), 394–419. Oxford: Blackwell. [24] [27] [e]
Bennett, W.L. & Segerberg, A. (2012). “The logic of connective action”. In Information, Communication & Society, 15 (5), 739-768. London: Routledge. [111] [115] [120] [121] [125] [e]
Bennett, W.L., Segerberg, A. & Knüpfer, C.B. (2017). “The Democratic Interface: Technology, Party Organization, and Diverging Patterns of Electoral Representation”. In Information, Communication & Society, 1-26. London: Routledge. [e]
Bertot, J.C., Jaeger, P.T., Langa, L.A. & McClure, C.R. (2006). “Public access computing and Internet access in public libraries: The role of public libraries in e–government and emergency situations”. In First Monday, September 2006, 11 (9). [online]: First Monday. Retrieved November 05, 2009 from http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/1392/1310 [56] [e]
Bertot, J.C., Jaeger, P.T., McClure, C.R., Wright, C.B. & Jensen, E. (2009). “Public libraries and the Internet 2008-2009: Issues, implications, and challenges”. In First Monday, 2 November 2009, 14 (11). [online]: First Monday. Retrieved November 05, 2009 from http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/viewArticle/2700/2351 [56] [e]
Best, M.L. & Wade, K.W. (2005). The Internet and Democracy: Global Catalyst or Democratic Dud?. Berkman Center Research Publication No. 2005-12. Cambridge: Berkman Center for Internet & Society. [2] [25] [e]
Best, M.L. & Wade, K.W. (2007). “Democratic and Anti-Democratic Regulators of the Internet: A Framework”. In The Information Society, 23 (5), 401-411. Abingdon: Taylor & Francis. [2] [25] [e]
Best, M.L., Jones, K., Kondo, I., Thakur, D., Wornyo, E. & Yu, C. (2007). “Post-Conflict Communications: The Case of Liberia”. In Communications of the ACM, [forthcoming]. New York: Association for Computing Machinery. [2] [24] [e]
Best, M.L. & Kumar, R. (2009). “Sustainability Failures of Rural Telecenters: Challenges from the Sustainable Access in Rural India (SARI) Project”. In Information Technologies and International Development, 4 (4), 31–45. Cambridge: MIT Press. Retrieved December 12, 2008 from http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1162/itid.2008.00025 [56] [e]
Billon, M., Lera-López, F. & Marco, R. (2010). “Differences in digitalization levels: a multivariate analysis studying the global digital divide”. In Review of World Economics, 146 (1), 39–73. Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. [e]
Blanco Fillola, I.I. (2015). “Between democratic network governance and neoliberalism: A regime-theoretical analysis of collaboration in Barcelona”. In Cities, 44, 123-130. London: Elsevier. Retrieved August 25, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2014.10.007 [e]
Blank, G. & Groselj, D. (2014). “Dimensions of Internet use: amount, variety, and types”. In Information, Communication & Society, 17 (4), 417-435. London: Routledge. [e]
Blaschke, L.M. (2012). “Heutagogy and Lifelong Learning: A Review of Heutagogical Practice and Self-Determined Learning”. In International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 13 (1). Edmonton: Athabasca University. Retrieved February 04, 2012 from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/1076 [102] [104] [112] [148] [e]
Blaschke, L.M. & Hase, S. (2019). “Heutagogy and digital media networks: Setting students on the path to lifelong learning”. In Blaschke, L.M. & Hase, S., Heutagogy and digital media networks: Setting students on the path to lifelong learning, 1 (1), 1-14. Auckland: Tuwhera. Retrieved July 10, 2022 from https://doi.org/10.24135/pjtel.v1i1.1 [e]
Blayone, T.J., vanOostveen, R., Barber, W., DiGiuseppe, M. & Childs, E. (2017). “Democratizing digital learning: theorizing the fully online learning community model”. In International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 14 (13). Barcelona: Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. Retrieved May 22, 2017 from http://educationaltechnologyjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41239-017-0051-4 [110] [e]
Blesse, S. & Roesel, F. (2019). “Merging county administrations – cross-national evidence of fiscal and political effects”. In Local Government Studies, 45 (5), 611-631. Abingdon: Taylor & Francis. Retrieved May 06, 2023 from https://doi.org/10.1080/03003930.2018.1501363 [e]
Blinder, A.S. & Quandt, R.E. (1997). “The computer and the economy: will information technology ever produce the productivity gains that were predicted?”. In The Atlantic Monthly, December, 280 (6), 26-32. Boston: Atlantic Monthly Group Inc.. [2] [25] [e]
Blinder, A.S. (2006). “Offshoring: The Next Industrial Revolution?”. In Foreign Affairs, 85 (2), 113-128. New York: Council of Foreign Relations. Retrieved September 18, 2007 from http://www.internationaltraderelations.com/Blinder.Offshoring%20(Foreign%20Affairs,%20March-April%202006).pdf [2] [25] [e]
Boas, T., Dunning, T. & Bussell, J. (2005). “Will the Digital Revolution Revolutionize Development? Drawing Together the Debate”. In Studies in Comparative International Development, Summer 2005, 40 (2), 95-110. New York: Springer. [2] [25] [e]
Boley, H. & Chang, E. (2007). “Digital Ecosystems: Principles and Semantics”. In Digital EcoSystems and Technologies Conference, 2007. DEST'07. Inaugural IEEE-IES, 398-403. Washington, DC: IEEE. [137] [139] [e]
Bond, M., Khosravi, H., de Laat, M., Bergdahl, N., Negrea, V., Oxley, E., Pham, P., Chong, S.W. & Siemens, G. (2024). “A meta systematic review of artificial intelligence in higher education: a call for increased ethics, collaboration, and rigour”. In International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16 (39). Barcelona: Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. Retrieved January 21, 2024 from https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00436-z [e]
Bonfadelli, H. (2002). “The Internet and Knowledge Gaps: A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation”. In European Journal of Communication, 17 (1), 65-84. London: SAGE Publications. [64] [74] [81] [128] [e]
Bonina, C. & Eaton, B. (2020). “Cultivating open government data platform ecosystems through governance: Lessons from Buenos Aires, Mexico City and Montevideo”. In Government Information Quarterly, 37 (3). London: Elsevier. Retrieved August 20, 2020 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2020.101479 [e]
Borge, R. (2005). “La participación electrónica: estado de la cuestión y aproximación a su clasificación”. In IDP. Revista de Internet, Derecho y Ciencia Política, (1). Barcelona: UOC. Retrieved February 17, 2006 from http://www.uoc.edu/idp/1/dt/esp/borge.pdf [3] [52] [58] [67] [e]
Borge, R., Colombo, C. & Welp, Y. (2009). “Online and offline participation at the local level. A quantitative analysis of the Catalan municipalities”. In Information, Communication & Society, 12 (6), 1-30 . London: Routledge. [52] [e]
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